What is Deputyship?
Created: 18 January 2026
What Is Deputyship?
Deputyship is a legal arrangement that applies when a person can no longer make certain decisions for themselves and does not have a Lasting Power of Attorney (LPA) in place.
In simple terms, deputyship allows someone—called a deputy—to be officially appointed by the Court of Protection to manage another person’s affairs and make decisions on their behalf.
Deputyship is mainly about protection and oversight. When someone lacks mental capacity, the law steps in to make sure their finances, welfare, or both are handled properly and in their best interests.
When Is Deputyship Needed?
Deputyship is usually required when:
- A person has lost mental capacity due to illness, injury, or disability
- They didn’t make an LPA while they still had capacity
- Important decisions still need to be made about their life or finances
This might happen, for example, after:
- Dementia or Alzheimer’s disease
- A serious stroke
- A brain injury
- Severe learning disabilities
- Mental health conditions affecting decision‑making
Once capacity is lost, it is too late to make an LPA, so deputyship is the only legal route available.
The Role of the Court of Protection
The Court of Protection is responsible for:
- Deciding whether someone lacks mental capacity
- Appointing deputies
- Defining what powers a deputy has
- Ongoing supervision to prevent abuse or misuse
No one can simply “take over” another person’s affairs informally. Without court approval, banks, care providers, and institutions often cannot accept instructions—even from close relatives.
Deputyship gives legal authority where none would otherwise exist.
The Two Main Types of Deputyship
There are two kinds of deputyship, although one is much more common than the other.
1. Property and Financial Affairs Deputyship
This is by far the most common deputyship.
It allows the deputy to manage things such as:
- Bank and savings accounts
- Paying bills, rent, or mortgages
- Claiming and managing benefits or pensions
- Handling debts
- Managing or selling property
- Dealing with tax and investments
For many families, this type of deputyship is essential just to keep day‑to‑day life running smoothly.
2. Health and Welfare Deputyship
This type is much rarer.
It may allow decisions about:
- Medical treatment
- Care arrangements
- Where the person lives
- Day‑to‑day wellbeing
The court is very cautious about granting health and welfare deputyships. This is because most health and care decisions can already be made by doctors and professionals using “best interests” principles, without needing a deputy.
Health and welfare deputyship is usually only granted where:
- Ongoing disputes exist
- Major decisions are likely to arise regularly
- Someone needs clear legal authority to act
Who Can Apply to Be a Deputy?
A deputy is often:
- A close family member
- A long‑term partner or friend
- A professional, such as a solicitor or local authority officer
The court considers:
- Your relationship with the person
- Your ability to manage responsibility
- Any conflicts of interest
- The person’s best interests at all times
More than one deputy can be appointed, and sometimes professional deputies are chosen if there are complicated finances or family disagreements.
What Powers Does a Deputy Have?
A deputy’s powers are:
- Defined by the court
- More limited than an LPA
- Closely supervised
Deputies must:
- Act in the person’s best interests
- Follow the Mental Capacity Act
- Keep detailed records
- Not benefit personally from the role
- Seek permission for major decisions (such as selling property)
Unlike attorneys under an LPA, deputies generally cannot make gifts, change wills, or make certain healthcare decisions unless the court specifically allows it.
Deputyship Comes With Responsibilities
Being a deputy is a serious legal responsibility, not just a practical role.
Deputies must:
- Submit annual reports to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG)
- Keep clear financial accounts
- Pay supervision fees
- Take out a security bond (an insurance policy protecting the person’s money)
- Communicate with professionals and institutions
If a deputy fails to act properly, they can be:
- Investigated
- Removed
- Ordered to repay money
- Referred for legal action in serious cases
How Long Does Deputyship Last?
Deputyship usually continues:
- Until the person dies, or
- Until capacity is regained, or
- Until the court decides it is no longer needed
If circumstances change, deputies may need to apply back to the court for new or extended powers. Deputyship is not a one‑off decision, but an ongoing legal framework.
Why Deputyship Is Often Harder Than an LPA
Many people compare deputyship to an LPA and notice some key differences:
- Deputyship can take months to be put in place
- It is more expensive
- It involves ongoing administration
- Decisions are more restricted
- There is less personal choice involved
With an LPA, the individual chooses who acts and sets out their wishes in advance. With deputyship, the court makes those decisions after capacity has already been lost.
This is why solicitors often describe deputyship as a “last resort,” even though it is essential in many situations.
The Costs of Deputyship
Deputyship involves several potential costs, such as:
- Court application fees
- Medical evidence costs
- Annual supervision fees
- Security bond premiums
- Professional fees (if a solicitor acts as deputy)
Some people are eligible for help with fees, depending on income and circumstances.
A Final Thought
Deputyship exists to protect vulnerable people, not to make life difficult for families. When someone loses mental capacity unexpectedly and has no LPA, deputyship provides a lawful and structured way for decisions to be made safely.
That said, it can be:
- Time‑consuming
- Emotionally draining
- Administratively heavy
For many families, deputyship works well once it is established—but it often highlights the importance of planning ahead wherever possible.
The forms to make a deputyship application and guidance are on the .GOV website. You will note one of the required forms is a mental capacity assessment (form COP3). We can be instructed to complete a COP3 mental capacity assessment, please contact us if we can assist you.
